Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil. 

Example: You will hear:

You will read: 

A) At the office. B) In the waiting room.

C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant. 

From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they have to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore A"At the office" is the best answer. You should choose answer A on the Answer Sheet and blacken it with a pencil. 

1. A) Twenty-five dollars. B) Twenty dollars.

C) Forty dollars. D) Fifty dollars. 

2 . A) To go to the French restaurant.

B) To try a new restaurant.

C) To visit a friend.

D) To stay at home. 

3. A) Easy-going and friendly. B) Very nervous.

C) Angry. D) Not easy-going. 

4. A) He plays jazz music. B) He is a jazz fan.

C) He needs 300 jazz records. D) He likes classical music. 

5. A) At a post office. B) At a bank.

C) At a restaurant. D) At an airport. 

6. A) He was sacred. B) He was upset.

C) He hasn't got a car. D) He is glad to drive her there. 

7. A) Lending money to a student. B) Filling a form.

C) Reading a student's application. D) Asking for some financial aid.

8. A) 12:30. B) 11:30. C) 12:00. D) 11:00.

9.A) Skiing. B) Tennis. C) Swimming. D) Golf.

10.A) Sick. B) Comfortable. C) Better. D) Fine.

Section B

Compound Dictation

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 11 to 17 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 18 to 20 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 

Very high waves are destructive when they 11 ____ the land. Fortunately, this 12 ____ happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two __ 13 __ of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is __ 14 __ near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land,;the shallow __ 15 __ helps reduce its __ 16 __. 

But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the __ 17 __ with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may __ 18 __.

Yet __ 19 __. During the most raging storms, __ 20 __.

PartⅡ

Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: 

In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers' life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor. 

Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is the degree;of workers' contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.

To what extent more money led to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them. 

21. Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true? A) To make jobs more varied.

B) To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way.

C) Degree of work contribution.

D) Demands for longer working hours. 

22. Why workers want more money?

A) Because their jobs are too boring.

B) In order to enjoy more spare time.

C) To make their jobs more interesting.

D) To;demand shorter working hours. 

23 . The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers' jobs more interesting __.

A) they will want more money

B) they will demand shorter working hours

C) more money and shorter working hours are important factors

D) more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them 

24 . In this passage, the author tells us __.

A) how to make the workers more productive

B) possible factors leading to greater efficiency

C) to a certain extent more money lead to greater productivity

D) how to make workers' jobs more interesting 

25 . The author of this passage is probably a __.

A) teacher B) worker C) manager D) physicist 

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: 

Over the past decade, the environmental movement has exploded onto the mind of mainstream consumers, a fact not lost on marketers and advertisers. Green advertising ;started in the mid-1980s when issues of the environment muscled their way to the forefront of marketing. Advertisers saw the consumer desire for environmentally safe products and tried to meet the demand as quickly as possible. Not surprisingly, this first wave suffered from rough and poorly conceived marketing efforts. Many advertisers embraced a genuine concern for the environment. But consumers realized that some companies made false claims and exploited the movement, using such nebulous (模糊的)terms as "environmentally friendly" and "green."

Consumers grew wary of environmental appeals, and advertisers reacted by reducing its emphasis. To avoid future trouble, many companies waited for state and federal governments to define terms and provide legal guidelines, which paved the road to a second wave. In 1992 the Federal Trade Commission established guidelines for green marketing, followed shortly by state governments. California passed particularly strict laws, setting definitions for terms like "ozone friendly," "biodegradable," and "recycled."

According to the state's court, "California seeks to guard against potentially specious;claims or ecological puffery (吹捧) about products with minimal environmental attributes." Texas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Tennessee, Connecticut, and Washington soon followed the Golden State's lead. The rigid regulations have left a number of advertisers confused and frustrated, although some feel that environmental claims have already peaked and are on their way out. Some believe that we've now entered green advertising's third wave, where environmental concern is now part of the mainstream.

26 . What were some early problems with Green advertisements?

A) They were expensive. B) No one believed them.

C) They were unsuccessful. D) They were often deceptive. 

27. What was the response by consumers?

A) Consumers were responsible.

B) Consumers were hostile.

C) Consumers didn't care all the time.

D) Consumers got tired of it. 

28 . How did Green advertisements change after the first wave?

A) They became more popular.

B) They were more regulated.

C) They became better produced. D) They became less honest. 

29. When did the green third wave come?

A) When environmental concern rise.

B) When advertisers are self-regulating themselves.

C) When advertisements become very regulated.

D) When the mainstream also becomes concerned about it. 

30. Which of the following state takes the lead in guarding against ecological puffery of products with minimal environmental attributes?

A) Massachusetts. B) Texas. C) California.的 D) Connecticut.



Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage: 

Even as Americans have been gaining weight, they have cut their average fat intake from 36 to 34 percent of their total diets in the past 15 years. And indeed, cutting fat to control or lose weight makes sense. Fat has nine calories per gram. Protein and carbohydrates（碳水化合物） have just four. Moreover, the body uses fewer calories to metabolize fat than it does to metabolize other foods. Compared with protein and carbohydrates — which break down into amino acids and simple sugars, respectively, and can be used to strengthen and energize the body —— dietary fat is more easily converted to body fat. Therefore, it's more likely to stay on buttocks, thighs and bellies.

But cutting fat from your diet doesn't necessarily mean your body won't store fat. For example, between nonfat and regular cookies, there's trivial difference in calories because manufacturers make up for the loss of fat by adding sugar. Low-fat crackers, soups and dressings can also be just as high in calories as richer versions. No matter where the calories come from, overeating will still cause weight again. The calories from fat just do it a little quicker. A Wisconsin computer programmer who decided with a diet coach to eat only 40 grams of fat a day learned the lesson firsthand. He wasn't losing weight. Then he showed his food diary to his coach and revealed he'd been eating half a pound of jelly beans a day. "They don't have any fat," he explains. But they had enough sugar to keep him from shedding an ounce. 

Nonfat foods become add-on;foods. When we add them to our diet, we actually increase the number of calories we eat per day and gain weight. That was borne out in a Pennsylvania State University study. For breakfast, Prof. Barbara Rolls gave two groups of women yogurt that contained exactly the same amount of calories. One group's yogurt label said "high fat"—the other, "low fat." The "low fat" yogurt group ate significantly more calories later in the day than the other group. "People think they've saved fat and can indulge themselves later in the day with no adverse consequences," says Richard Mattes, a nutrition researcher at Purdue University. "But when they do that, they don't compensate very precisely, and they often end up overdoing it."

31 . Why Americans are still gaining weight?

A) They eat too much fat.

B) They overeat.

C) They eat low-fat crackers, soups and dressings.

D) They eat sugar. 

32. What lesson did the computer programmer learn?

A) Overeating will cause weight gain.

B) He can eat half apound of jelly beans a day.

C) He didn't eat any fat.

D) His coach gave him a lecture. 

33 . Prof. Barbara's experiment proved that __.

A) two groups ate the same amount of calories

B) two groups ate the same amount of yogurt

C) the "low fat" yogurt group ate significantly more calories later in the day than the other group 

D) people increase the number of calories they eat per day and gain weight 

34. According to the author, __ has less calories.

A) fat B) protein and carbohydrates

C) amino acid D) sugar 

35 . What can you infer from the passage?

A) To keep from being overweight, people have to eat non-fat food.

B) The calories from fat just do it a little quicker than that from protein and carbohydrates. 

C) People should avoid temptation.

D) Americans realize that it is necessary to count calories before eating the food. 

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage: 

The plumes of ash came billowing from Mount Etna on July 17 at precisely 1:33 p.m., followed by 300-foot blasts of lava. Below, in the resort town of Nicolosi, Italy, anxious residents prayed for protection. But scientists were jubilant.

" Three minutes," gushes Gene Ulmer, a Temple University geologist. "That's all they missed by." Not only did Ulmer witness the eruption (which killed no one), he was in Nicolosi the previous night when European volcanologists（火山学家） predicted that Mount Etna would erupt at 1:30 p.m.— one of the most accurate predictions in history.

Scientists have historically had little success in predicting eruptions. There are instruments to monitor the geophysical changes that may suggest a volcano is ready to blow—increase in tremors, alterations in the mountain's tilt, or changes in the resistance of the earth surrounding it. Other instruments track volcanoes' chemical compositions, because rising levels of ammonia, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, water and other substances can also herald eruptions. But none of these instruments has done particularly well.

So scientists have taken to monitoring as many different aspects of volcanic activity as possible. This broader approach appears to have yielded the stunningly accurate results at Etna. "We may have finally found the right combination of instrument to monitor volcanoes—and save lives," says Ulmer.

It is, of course, possible that the Etna team just got lucky. Nonetheless, Ulmer says, "all of us in volcanology are very excited."

36. Volcanologists were surprised by __.

A) the accuracy of their own predictions of eruption of Mount Etna

B) the eruption of Mount Etna

C) the instruments they had used

D) the ash and smoke of Mount Etna 

37. Which instruments are the most effective ones to predict the eruption of volcanoes?

A) Instruments to monitor the geophysical changes.

B) Instruments to track volcanoes' chemical compositions.

C) The combinations of instruments.

D) None of them. 

38. What does the word "jubilant" mean according to;the context?

A) Upset. B) Filled with great joy.

C) Disappointed. D) Accurate. 

39 . What is the main idea of the passage?

A) Though Mount Etna erupted as European volcanologists predicted, it was just a coincidence. 

B) Scientists succeeded in finding the instruments to predict eruption.

C) Lots of scientists witnessed the Eruption of Mount Etna.

D) Scientists predicted accurately the eruption of Mount Etna. 

40. What's the possible title for this passage?

A) The Volcanologists Succeeded.

B) Mount Etna's Eruption.

C) Right on Schedule—Mount Etna Makes Scientists Look Smart.

D)Prediction of Eruption in History. 

Part Ⅲ

Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)

Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 

41. __, I couldn't find;the way to the post office.

A) However hard I tried B) However I tried hard

C) However hard I try D) Whatever I tried hard 

42. There was a __drop in support for the Union in the 1988 election.

A) delicate B) distinct C) distant D) downward 

43. Only if I can understand what you are listening to, __write it down correctly.

A) I shall B) shall I C) I can D) can I 

44. A lot of __ can be mentioned as essential for explaining the puzzling phenomenon.

A) factions B) facades C) factors D) sides 

45. Some confusion has __about who can do this job.

A) retained B) lifted C) raised D) arisen 

46. It was very hot and people crowded __the air-conditioner.

A) about B) in C) on 51Test D) to 

47 . The programmer was always busy in an __way, spending hours accompanying nothing.

A) ineffectual B) eventual C) efficient D) unskilled 

48. The flood __ the townspeople __from the rest of the world.

A) cut...out B) cut...away C) cut...down D)cut...off 

49. Mary washed her face__.

A) cleanly B) cleaned C) cleaning的 的D) clean 

50. The foreign guests, __were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the train station.

A) most of them B) most of whom C) most of that 的D) most of those 

51 . Tom __ my letter; otherwise he would have replied before now.

A) ought not have received B) shouldn't have received

C) has been received D) couldn't have received 

52. I'd just as soon remind __ those important documents with you.

A) that you won't B) your not taking

C) please don't D) you didn't take 

53 . The train is traveling __a speed of 120 miles an hour.

A) with B) on C) in D) at 

54. Any living thing __ die without the sun.

A) would B) may C) might D) will 

55 . Some scientists think that there is no better __ for mother's;milk.

A) alternative B) equivalent C) exchange D) substitute 

56. In his speech the Minister of Industry said that industrial exports went up for three __years.

A) successful B) successive C) continual D) continuous 

57. A group of foreign students planning to travel by car to North Dakota in the winter are advised to __ their cars with snow tires and warm clothing.

A) provide B) purchase C) equip D) install 

58 . All the students __ a loud laugh when the teacher told them the joke.

A) let off B) let down C) let out D) let up 

59. I wish my son would stop __ and do something realistic.

A) hanging about B) hanging on C) hanging up D) hanging off 

60. The __estimate of gains in gross national product suggested a gradual recovery from economic recession.

A) introductory B) possible C) primary D) preliminary 

61. We __ so as not to wake the roommates.

A) whispered B) moaned C) grunted D) muttered 

62 . Although he is only 5 years old, he has a __ imagination.

A) furtive B) fertile C) frank 的 D) furious 

63. Now many people buy __ Christmas trees instead of real ones.

A) false B) fake C) sham D) artificial 

64. Could you give me a hint without __ the answer?

A) giving off B) giving away C) giving up D) giving in 

65. After a number of disagreements with the committee, the chairman was determined to __.

A) retire B) withdraw C) retreat D) resign 

66. We all can't __ why she married a man like this.

A) reason out B) figure out C) make believe D) take in 

67. Mary's close __ to her sister made people mistake them for one another. 

A) accuracy B) membership C) probability D) resemblance 

68. "Why didn't Tom come to the party last night?""He __ not have wanted to see me."

A) should B) would C) could D) might 

69. __ to the question of refreshments, I should think lemonade and sandwiches will be enough.

A) Prior B) As C) Due D) According 

70. __ nothing more to discuss, the CEO got to his feet, said goodbye and left the meeting room.

A) There was B)Being C) There being D) As there being 

PartⅣ

Cloze (15 minutes)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 

Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps __ 71 __ the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, __ 72 __ reading material and giving out __ 73 __.The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and __ 74 __ what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture __ 75 __ notes which do not catch the main points and __ 76 __ become hard even for the __ 77 __ to understand.

Most institutions provide courses which __ 78 __ new students to develop the skills they need to be __ 79 __ listeners and note-takers. __ 80 __ these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which __ 81 __ learners to practice these skills __ 82 __ . In all cases it is important to __ 83 __ the problem __ 84 __ actually starting your studies.

It is important to __ 85 __ that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills __ 86 __ in college study. One way of __ 87 __ these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the __ 88 __ year. Another basic __ 89 __ is to find a study partner __ 90 __ it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.

71.A) extending B) illustrating C) performing;D) conducting

72.A) attributing B) contributing C) distributing D) explaining

73.A) assignments B) information C) content D) definition

74.A) suspects B) understands C) wonders D) convinces

75.A) without B) with C) on D) except

76.A) what B) those C) as D) which

77.A) teachers B) classmates C) partners D) students

78.A) prevent B) require C) assist D) forbid

79.A) effective B) passive C) relative D) expressive

80.A) Because B) Though C) Whether D) If

81.A) enable B) stimulate C) advocate D) prevent

82.A) independently B) repeatedly C) logically D) generally

83.A) evaluate B) acquaint C) tackle D) formulate

84.A) before B) after C) while D) for

85.A) predict B) acknowledge C) argue D) ignore

86.A) to require B) required C) requiring D) are required

87.A) preventing B) withstanding C) sustaining D) overcoming

88.A) average B) ordinary C) normal D) academic

89.A) statement B) strategy C) situation D) suggestion90.A) in that B) for which C) with whom D) such as

PartⅤ

Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: [WTHX]Getting to know the World Outside the Campus.[WTBX] You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 

1.大学生了解社会的必要性；

2.了解社会的途径（大众媒介、的社会服务等）；

3.我打算怎么做。

录音文字材料

Scripts for Listening Comprehension

Section A

1. M: How much are these jackets?

W: They are on sale today, sir. Twenty-five dollars each, or two for forty dollars.Q: How much does one jacket cost?

2. W: Shall we have dinner in that French restaurant?

M: I can't eat a thing. I feel too bad. My stomach aches.

Q: What do you think the woman will do? 

3. M: Tina's husband is friendly and easy-going.

W: Yes, just the exact opposite to her brother.

Q: What is Tina's brother like? 4. W: Last night, we went to Peter's house to listen to music.

M: I heard that he has more than 300 jazz records. Is that right?

Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 

5. M: I need six stamps and I'd like to send these two books by air mail.

W: Here are your stamps, but you have to go to the next window for the books.

Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place? 

6. W: Jim, would you mind driving me to my school?

M: Sure, why not?

Q: How does Jim respond to the woman? 

7. M: Did you see Mary in the business office?

W: Yes, she was applying for a student loan.

Q: What was Mary doing? 

8. W: When is the movie to start?

M: Don't worry. It doesn't start until 12:30, we've still got 30 minutes.

Q: What's the time now? 

9. M: I like skiing but not swimming.

W: Swimming and tennis are my favorite;sports.

Q: Which sport does the man like? 

10. W: Tom, how are you? I heard you were sick.

M: They must have confused me with somebody else, I've never felt better.

Q: How does Tom feel? 

Section B

Very high waves a, re destructive when they strike the land. Fortunately, this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.

But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.

Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms (600feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as on the day without a breath of wind.

答案与详解

1. 答案A。On sale 意为“减价出售”，此题关键在于听懂“Twenty-five dollars each, or two for forty dollars.” 买一件25美元或买两件40美元。因此选A。

2.答案D。此题关键在于听懂第二个人的对话“他说自己不能吃东西，感到不舒服，胃很痛。” 因此从选项来看，D的推断是合乎情理的。

3.答案D。Friendly, easy-going 及 opposite是此题的关键词。其中，easy-going意为“随和的；易相处的，” 根据听到的opposite，选它的反义词not easy-going, 因此选D。

4.答案B。从第二句 “I heard that he has more than 300 jazz records.” 意思是“我

听说他有 300多张爵士乐的碟子。” 我们不难推断出Peter是位爵士乐迷。5.答案A。听到了关键词stamps 和air mail, 则不难推出此对话应发生在邮局。 因此选A。

6.答案D。从sure可以知道Jim答应了女人的请求，后面说的why not 是进一步的确认，含有“邀请”之意，说明Jim很乐意开车送她去学校。因此选D。

7.答案D。此题关键词是a student loan，意为学生贷款。四个选项中只有financial aid 是a student loan 的同义词。因此选D。

8.答案C。从第二个人的话语中可以知道“电影在12:30开演，现在离开演还有30分钟，”不难推出现在是12:00。因此选C。

9.答案A。从第一句话 “I like skiing but not swimming.” 意思是“我喜欢滑雪而不喜欢游泳。”不难选出答案A。

10.答案D。此题关键在于听懂第二句。“They must have confused me with somebody else.” 意思是“他们一定是看错人了。” I’ve never felt better等于I always feel fine. 因此答案选D。

11.strike 12.seldom 13.sets 14.shallower 15.bottom

16.strength 17.shore

18.strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.

19. the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea

20. the water a hundred fathoms (600 feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as on the day without a breath of wind.

21. 答案D。A) 使工作更加多样化。 B) 给予工人用其自己的方式工作的自由。 C) 工作中做出贡献的多少。 D) 要求更长的工作时间。此题可用排除法。从第一段第二句得出A)正确。从第二段第一句得出B)正确。从第二段第四句得出C)正确。而D)项所述并未在文中提到。故答案为D)。

22.答案A。A) 因为他们的工作太令人厌烦。 B) 为了享有更多的余暇。 C) 使他们的工作更加有趣。D) 要求更短的工作时间。此题可从第三段第三句中得出答案为A)。

23.答案D。A) 他们会想要更多的报酬。 B)他们将要求缩短工作时间。 C) 增加报酬与缩短工作时间都是重要的因素。 D) 增加报酬与缩短工作时间对他们来说，将不再重要。 本文最后一句中的 “neither ...nor”表示既不...，也不...。故答案为D)。

24.答案B。A) 如何使工人提高劳动效率。 B) 促使效率提高的可行因素。 C) 从某种程度上讲，增加报酬可提高劳动效率。 D) 如何使工人的工作变得更加有趣。 不难看出， C)、的D)比较片面，很容易排除。A)、的B)比较又可得出B)更加具有概括性，因为通篇讲述的是提高劳动效率的一些途径，可排除A)。故答案为B)。

25.答案C。A) 老师。 B) 工人。 C) 经理。 D) 物理学家。因为文章讲述的是提高工人劳动效率的一些可能的途径，与公司管理密切相关。故答案为C)最为合适。

26. 答案D。 A) 绿色广告费用昂贵。 B) 无人相信绿色广告。 C) 绿色广告并不成功。D) 绿色广告经常带有欺骗性。此题为细节题。该题的答案包含在下面的句子里。But consumers realized that some companies made false claims and exploited the movement, using such nebulous terms as “environmentally friendly” and “green.” 但一些消费者意识到一些公司做假承诺，用模糊的“有益环境”等术语大大利用时机。故答案为D。 bsp;B) 消费者持反对的态度。 C) 消费者在此问题上始终漠不关心。 D) 消费者对绿色广告已厌烦了。此题为细节题。该题的答案包含在下面的句子里。Consumers grew wary of environmental appeals. 故答案为D。

28.答案B。A) 它们变得更受欢迎。 B) 它们变得更为规范。 C) 它们被制作得更好。 D) 它们的可信度降低。 此题为归纳推理题。该题是根据第二段提问的。第二段的大意是：为了避免麻烦许多公司等待政府出台合法的条款，于1992年联邦政府出台了绿色市场的条文，加利福尼亚对此也通过了严格的法律。所以答案应是B。

29.答案D。 A) 当环保意识增强的时候。 B) 当广告商们规范其广告的时候。 C) 当广告规范化的时候。 D) 当环保广告深入到广大的消费者心中的时候。 此题为细节题。该题的答案可以在最后一段的最后一句话里找到。Some believe that we’ve now entered green advertising’s third wave, where environmental concern is now part of the mainstream. 所以正确答案是D。

30.答案C。A) 麻萨诸塞州。 B) 德克萨斯州。 C) 加利福尼亚州。 D) 康涅狄格州。此题为细节题。该题的答案包含在下面的句子里。According to the state’s court, “California seeks to guard against potentially specious claims or ecological puffery about products with minimal environmental attributes.” Texas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Tennessee, Connecticut, and Washington soon followed the Golden State’s lead.这儿the Golden State’s lead指加州。所以正确答案为C。

31. 答案A。A) 他们吃了含脂肪多的食物。 B) 他们的饮食过量。 C) 他们食用脂肪含量低的脆饼、的汤和调味品。 D) 他们食用含糖食品。 此题为主旨题。全文章主要论述美国人在过去的15年中虽然少吃含脂肪多的食物，但他们还在长胖。原因在于过量饮食会导致卡路里的过量的摄入而导致肥胖。故答案为A。

32.答案A。 A) 饮食过量将会导致体重增加。 B) 他一天能吃半磅软糖。 C) 他没有吃任何含脂肪的食物。 D) 他的饮食教练给他上了一堂课。 此题为细节题。这个计算机程序员的经历是对第二段第四句的证明，表明他亲身体验了此教训。’ No matter where the calories come from, overeating will still cause weight gain.’不论卡路里来自何处，过量饮食也会增加体重。故答案为A。

33.答案D。 A) 两组妇女食用等量的卡路里。 B) 两组妇女饮用等量的酸奶。 C) 与持高脂酸奶的小组相比，持低脂酸奶的小组当天晚些时候被摄入的卡路里更多。 D) 随着人们每天摄入卡路里的增长，体重也在增长。 此题为细节题。巴巴拉教授对两组妇女的研究证明了 “we actually increase the number of calories we eat per day and gain weight.” 随着我们每天摄入卡路里的增长，体重也在增长。故答案为D。

34.答案B。A) 脂肪。 B) 蛋白质和碳水化合物。 C) 氨基酸。 D) 糖。 此题为细节题。第一段第三句，和脂肪相比，蛋白质和碳水化合物只含有四个卡路里。 故答案为B。

35.答案D。A) 为了使体重保持正常，人们不得不吃无脂食物。 B) 脂肪中的卡路里比蛋白质和碳水化合物中的卡路里多，因而使人的体重增加得更快一点。 C) 人们应避开食物对他们的诱惑。 D) 美国人意识到在进食前先计算一下卡路里的多少是有必要的。此题为推断题。从文章的篇章来看，脂肪虽比蛋白质、的碳水化合物的卡路里多，但美国人由于过量使用卡路里少的食物，加之有些无脂肪的食物由于糖分的添加而使卡路里摄入量加大而导致肥胖。故答案为D。

36. 答案A。A) 他们精确地预测了Etna火山爆发的时间。 B) Etna火山的爆发。C) 他们使用的仪器。 D) Etna火山的烟与灰。 此题为推断和主旨题。科学家在历史上几乎没有成功地预测火山爆发，而此次对Etna火山爆发的预测和实际只有三分钟的误差，这种准确性是令他们既兴奋又震惊的。故答案为A。

37.答案D。A) 观察地球物理变化的仪器。 B) 研究化学成分变化的仪器。 C) 这两种仪器的组合。 D) 没有有效预测火山爆发的仪器。 文章第三段中介绍了两种预测火山爆发的仪器，一种是通过观察地球物理变化来预测，一种通过研究化学成分的变化来预测，但预测结果都不理想。在第四段中Ulmer说的话中’We may have finally found the right combination of instrument to monitor volcanoes—and save lives’可以判断监视火山爆发的所有有效仪器的最佳组合还未有出世。故答案为D。

38.答案B。A) 心烦意乱的。 B) 十分高兴的。 C) 失望的。 D) 精确的。 此题为词义辨析题。全文讲述了对火山爆发的成功预测使科学家们欣喜万分。故答案为B。

39. 答案D。A) 尽管Etna火山像欧洲科学家预测的那样爆发了，但仅是一次巧合而已。 B) 科学家们成功地发现了预测火山爆发的仪器。 C) 许多科学家都亲眼目睹了Etna火山的爆发。 D) 科学家准确地预测了火山的爆发。 此题为主旨题。科学家准确地预测了火山的爆发。故答案为D。

40.答案C。 A) 火山学家的成功。 B) Etna火山的爆发。 C) 科学家有史以来较准确的一次预测。D) 历史上对火山爆发的预测。 此题为主题推理题。从全文可知这是一篇报道，不仅报道Etna火山的爆发，而且更强调科学家有史以来较准确的一次预测。故答案为C。〖ZK)〗

41. 答案A。 句意：不管我怎样努力，都无法找到去邮局的路。however hard 等于no matter how hard, 不需倒装。因此答案应为A。

42.答案B。 句意：1988年选举中对联盟的支持明显下降。 A) delicate娇嫩的，精致的； B）distinet 独特的，明显的； C）distant 遥远的； D) downward向下的。根据本句意思，答案应为B。

43.答案D。 句意：我听懂之后才能写下来。Only 或 only if引导的短语或从句放在句首时，后面主句要用倒装语序。所以，A), C)均可排除。根据题意，应用情态动词can。 因此答案应为D。

44.答案C。句意：有许多因素可以说对解释这种令人迷惑不解的现象是必要的。A)faction意为“派系”；B)facade意为“建筑物的正面”；C)factor意为“因素”；D)side意为“边”。根据句意A, B, D均不符合题意，因此选C。

45.答案D。句意：人们不清楚谁能做这项工作。arise是一个不及物动词，具有“出现，呈现”的含义。其余三个动词均为及物动词，且词意不合要求。因此选D。

46. 答案A。句意：天很热，人们都挤在空调周围。about prep. 关于，在... 周围。根据句意B, C, D均不符合题意，因此选A。

47.答案A。句意：这个程序员总是无效地忙碌着，花好几小时也做不成一件事。A)ineffectual意为“无效果的”；B)eventual意为“最终发生的，结局的”。如：eventual success 最后的成功；C)efficient 意为“有效的，效率高的”；D)unskilled意为“不擅长的，不灵巧的”。如：be unskilled in debate 不擅长辩论。由于后句说“花好几小时也做不成一件事”，可以推断此程序员做事没有效率，因此选A。

48.答案D。句意：洪水切断了该镇居民与外界的联系。A)cut out 切掉；割掉；B)cut away 切掉，逃走；C)cut down 减少 如：You should cut down on smoking. 你应该少抽烟。D)cut off 切断 如：They cut off the enemy’s retreat.他们切断了敌人的退路。根据句意A, B, C均不符合题意，因此选D。

49.答案D。句意：玛丽把脸洗干净了。有些动词，如：wash, wipe, scrape, 等，总是构成此句型：v. +n. +adj. 根据句意A, B, C均不正确，因此选D。

50.答案B。句意：那些外国客人，其中多数是科学家，在火车站受到热烈欢迎。用排除法。A), D) 不对。C) 在非限定性定语从句中不能用that. 因此选B。

51.答案D。句意：汤姆不可能已经收到了我的信，否则他到现在就早该回信了。选项 couldn’t have been 表示推测，符合句意。因此选D。

52.答案D。句意：我真希望提醒过你带上那些重要的文件。在’d just as;soon + 动词后的从句中常用过去时表示现在，作虚拟语气。因此选D。

53.答案D。句意：火车以每小时120英里的速度行进。at在；以；按（表示速度，温度，价格，比率等）因此选D。

54.答案A。句意：没有太阳任何生物都会死。虚拟语气, would“会”。因此选A。

55.答案D。句意：一些科学家认为没有什么能代替母乳。substitute 作“代替品”讲，后接for, 指“作...的代替品”。alternative 之意为“供替代的选择，”后接to , 而equivalent 意为 “同等物”，后接of或to。因此选D。

56.答案B。句意：工业部长在他的讲话中说工业出口连续三年上升。(for three) successive (years) 意为 “连续（三年）”。因此选B。

57.答案C。句意：计划冬季开车到北达科他州旅行的一群外国学生应备上防滑胎和保暖衣物。equip...with 作“给...配备”。因此选C。

58.答案C。句意：当老师讲笑话时，所有的学生都笑了。let out 作“发出（笑声，叫喊声）”解，let out a loud laugh意为的“哄堂大笑”，let off的表示满意“说出（笑话等）”之意。因此选C。

59.答案A。句意：我希望我儿子能停止闲逛做点实事。hang about意为 “到处闲逛”, “游手好闲”解。因此选A。

60.答案D。句意：对全国粮食总产量的正确估计表明了经济衰退的逐渐恢复。preliminary (estimate) “初步的（估计）”，introductory的表示 “介绍性的”， primary则意为 “原始的”，“最初的”。因此选D。

61.答案A。句意：我们轻声说话以免吵醒室友。whisper 意为 “低语”，“轻声说话”。因此选A。

62.答案B。句意： 虽然他只有五岁，他的想象力却十分丰富。fertile (imagination) 意为 “丰富的（想象力）”。因此选B。

63.答案D。句意：现在有很多人买人造的圣诞树而不买真的。artificial意为 “人造的”，“人工创造的”；false 意为“错误的”，“虚伪的”讲；而fake, sham的意思则分别为本“伪造的”，“伪劣的”。因此选D。

64.答案B。句意：你可不可以在不泄露答案的情况下给我一些提示。giving away 意为 “泄露” 。因此选B。

65.答案D。句意：由于与委员会存在许多分歧，主席决定辞职。(be determined to) resign 意为 “（决定）辞职”，切合题意。因此选D。

66.答案B。句意：我们都不明白她为什么嫁给那样一个男人。figure out 表“理解”之意，而reason out 作“分析”，“推断”解；take in 作“领会”解。因此选B。

67.答案D。句意：玛丽和她妹妹由于长得相像经常会被认错。A项accuracy决为“精确；准确”；B项membership意为“资格；会员的身份”；C 项probability意为“可能性；可能的结果”；D项resemblance意为“相似；相像”。根据题意，故选D。

68.答案D。句意：汤姆为什么昨晚没来参加晚会？他不想见我。might (not)have wanted to ...表示对过去发生的动作的猜测。因此选D。

69.答案B。句意：至于点心和饮料，我认为柠檬和三明治就足够了。as to (=with regard to 至于，关于) 是短语动词。因此选B。

70.答案C。句意：因为没有什么再讨论的了，这位首席执行官站起来，说声再见然后离开会议室。本题的前半句是分词独立结构。There being(There be的分词形式)引导的分词短语在句中做原因状语。因此选C。

71. 答案B。将第1，2，3题通盘考虑。此处意为“老师会花一两个小时用幻灯来解释讲课的内容，写出一些重要的信息,散发一些阅读材料,布置作业”。illustrate用图解说明，举例说明。

72.答案C。参考第1题答案。attribute把……的原因归为……；contribute有助于，贡献；distribute分发，散发，与下文的give out同义。

73.答案A。assignments作业，任务。

74.答案C。新生发现别的学生一直在记笔记,他们不知道该记些什么,所以用wonders。而suspects(怀疑)；understands (理解，明白)；convinces(让人相信)与题意不符。

75.答案B。with结构在此表示伴随的结果，说明学生听完讲座却记了一些抓不住重点的笔记。

76.答案D。这里是一个并列句，并列的两个部分是which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the students to understand。

77.答案D。此句意为：学生记下的笔记连自己也无法明白。

78.答案C。鉴于上述情况，许多学校开设课程以帮助新生培养记笔记的能力，成为一名真正有效率的听众。assist帮助，援助。

79.答案A。effective有效的；passive被动的；relative相对的；expressive表现的，富于表现的。

80.答案D。此处的意思是：如果这些课程不可行的话，还会有许多行之有效的学习技巧的指导，这些指导使学生们能够独立地锻炼这些学习技巧，在此If表示假设条件。

81.答案A。enable sb.to do sth使人能够干什么；stimulate激发，刺激；advocate提倡，倡导；prevent阻止。

82.答案A。independently独立地；repeatedly再三，重复地；logically合乎逻辑地；generally大体上，一般地。

83.答案C。此句意为“通常学生在开始学习之前就应该解决这种听课技能的问题”，此处C项中to tackle problem意为“解决问题”。evaluate估计，评估；acquaint使认识，了解；formulate用公式表示，系统地阐述或提出。

84.答案A。参考83题。

85.答案B。这里的意思是“承认大多数学生在获取语言技能方面有困难，这是很重要的。因为只有承认这种困难才能提出克服困难的方法”。所以选B。acknowledge承认，认可。predict预测；argue争论，论证；ignore忽略，忽视。

86.答案B。过去分词做定语。

87.答案D。 克服困难用overcome difficulty。不用preventing阻止，阻碍；withstand经受住，抵抗；sustain支撑，经受。

88.答案D。本题涉及学年的表达方法。

89.答案B。此句意为：另一种基本的方案或策略是寻找一个学习的伙伴。strategy策略，方案。

90.答案C。本题测试介词与关系代词的用法，with whom表示与同伴一起学习。

Sample writing:

Getting to Know the World Outside the Campus

It is indispensable for college students to know what is going on outside the campus. That’s because in this “Information Era” the society is developing at such a high speed that we should keep pace with the progress of the outside world. Hence, without knowledge of the outside world, it will be very hard for us to secure satisfying job after graduation; it will be more difficult for us to succeed in the fierce competition. 

How to get closer to the outside world? Firstly, we should be well-informed about what is happening around us with the aid of mass media: radios, televisions, newspapers, the Internet, and so forth. Besides, we should do some practical social services so as to cultivate our social skills, broaden our eyesight and enrich our social experience.

As far as I'm concerned, I plan to know the outside world in two ways: study first to have a good command of knowledge. Next, I intend to get a part-time job to know more about the outside world. Thus, I can apply the knowledge that I have learned at campus to the practical work, which will be helpful in my future career.